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目的:观察跑台训练对慢性不可预知应激(CUS)大鼠抑郁行为及海马p75神经营养素受体(p75NTR)信号通路相关蛋白和凋亡蛋白表达的影响，探讨运动改善CUS大鼠抑郁行为的机制。方法:30只雄性SD大鼠被随机分为对照组、CUS组及CUS联合训练组(CUS+TR)。随后，CUS组及CUS+TR组采用CUS法建立大鼠抑郁模型，CUS+TR组大鼠进行4周中等强度跑台训练。采用旷场实验、悬尾实验及糖水偏好实验评估大鼠抑郁样行为；HE染色观察大鼠海马细胞形态学变化，Western blot法检测海马p75NTR、JNK、p53及B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较，CUS组大鼠糖水偏好指数、糖水摄入量及跨格次数、直立次数、理毛次数和中央格停留时间均显著减少，悬尾静止时间显著延长(P<0.05)。CUS大鼠呈现海马细胞病理损伤，且相较于对照组，CUS组大鼠海马p75NTR、JNK、p53蛋白表达及Bax/Bcl-2比值明显升高(P<0.05)。4周跑台训练可显著改善CUS大鼠抑郁行为和海马细胞的病理改变，且相较于CUS组，CUS+TR组大鼠海马p75NTR、JNK、p53蛋白表达及Bax/Bcl-2比值降低(P<0.05)。结论:跑台训练可改善CUS大鼠抑郁行为，其机制可能与其降低海马p75NTR信号通路相关蛋白的表达抑制细胞凋亡缓解CUS大鼠海马细胞病理损伤，发挥神经保护作用有关。
Abstract：Objective: To observe the effects of treadmill training on depressive behavior and the expression of the p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75NTR) signaling pathway related-proteins and apoptotic protein in hippocampus of chronic unpredictable stress(CUS) rats, and explore the mechanisms underlying exercise improving depressive behavior of CUS rats. Methods: 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into the Control group, the CUS group and the CUS combined with training group(CUS+TR). Subsequently, CUS method was used to establish the rat model of depression in CUS group and CUS+TR group. CUS+TR group rats were subjected to 4 weeks of moderate intensity treadmill training. The depressive behavior of rats were evaluated by open field test, tail suspension test and sugar water preference test; the morphological changes of the hippocampal cells in rats were observed by HE staining and the protein expressions of p75NTR, JNK, p53, Bax and Bcl-2 in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the control group, the sugar preference index, sucrose water intake, the square crossing count, rearing count, grooming count and the time spent in central area were significantly reduced, and the immobility time in the tail suspension test significantly prolonged in the CUS group(P<0.05). The pathological injury of hippocampal cells occurred in CUS rats, compared with the control group, the protein expression levels of p75NTR, JNK, p53 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio significantly increased in the hippocampus of CUS group rats(P<0.05). 4-week treadmill training significantly improved the depressive behavior and pathological changes of hippocampal cells in CUS+TR group rats. Compared with the CUS group, the protein expression levels of p75NTR, JNK, p53 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased in the hippocampus of CUS+TR group rats(P<0.05). Conclusion: Treadmill training can improve the depressive behavior of CUS rats, the mechanism might involve reducing p75NTR signalway-related protein expressions, inhibiting cell apoptosis, alleviating pathological damage of hippocampal cells in CUS rats and exerting neuroprotective effects.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16557/j.cnki.1000-7547.2026.01.007
中图分类号:R749.4
引用信息:
[1]郭鑫,王艺程,王鑫军,等.跑台训练通过p75NTR/JNK/p53信号通路减少抑郁大鼠海马细胞凋亡[J].神经解剖学杂志,2026,42(01):47-53.DOI:10.16557/j.cnki.1000-7547.2026.01.007.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(32371180); 山西省自然科学基金(20210302123060); 山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2023YY170)
2026-01-31
2026-01-31